Skip To Content

What is Erectile Dysfunction (ED)?

Skip Navigation

Erectile dysfunction, or ED, occurs when a man can't get or maintain an erection hard enough for intercourse. This can happen if an insufficient amount of blood is flowing into the penis, the penis can't trap the blood during an erection, or nerve signals from the brain can't reach the penis.

While ED is common, it more frequently affects older men. However, ED isn't a normal part of ageing — instead, it's usually a sign of a more serious issue.

Erectile Dysfunction Causes

Causes of ED include:

  • Diabetes.
  • High blood pressure.
  • Parkinson's disease.
  • Multiple sclerosis.
  • Antidepressants, blood pressure medicine, and other drugs.
  • Low testosterone.
  • Smoking.
  • Alcohol abuse.
  • Drug use.
  • Injury or surgery.

ED can also have psychological roots. It can be caused by:

  • Depression.
  • Anxiety.
  • Poor communication with your partner.
  • Stress.
  • Anger.

Erectile Dysfunction Symptoms

The primary symptom of ED is not being able to get or keep an erection on a regular basis. If you can't get or maintain an erection at least 25 percent of the time you have sex, or if your erection problems are becoming more frequent, you should see your doctor.

Erectile Dysfunction Diagnosis

To determine if you have ED, your doctor will perform a physical exam of your genital area, check your blood pressure, and order urine and blood tests. They may suggest getting an ultrasound of your penis.

Be prepared to answer questions about the issues you're having with erections, as well as your lifestyle. Your doctor may ask you what over-the-counter or illicit drugs you take, how much alcohol you drink, and whether you're stressed or anxious. Your answers to these questions will help give your doctor a total picture of your health and lifestyle, so it's important to be as open as possible.

Erectile Dysfunction Treatment

Treatment for ED depends on what's causing the problem. Often, making lifestyle changes can make a big difference. Many men have more consistent erections and a healthier sex life when they:

  • Lose weight.
  • Quit smoking.
  • Eat a healthier diet.
  • Exercise regularly.
  • Adopt better sleep habits.
  • Cut back on alcohol.

Other treatments include:

  • Prescription medicine that increases blood flow to the penis.
  • Testosterone therapy.
  • Medicine inserted through the urethra (urethral suppository).
  • Penile injections.
  • A penis pump (vacuum erection device).
  • Penile implants.
  • Surgery.
  • Relationship counselling for you and your partner.

Our Consultants

View our list of urologists who treat erectile dysfunction.

Contact Us About Erectile Dysfunction Treatment at UPMC

If you have questions about your urologic health or are experiencing symptoms associated with erectile dysfunction, visit your GP and ask for a referral to one of our urology consultants at UPMC Aut Even Hospital, UPMC Whitfield Hospital or UPMC Kildare Hospital.